"The Escape of the Duston Family," illustration from "The Duston Family" by Nathaniel Hawthorne. From The American Magazine of Useful and Entertaining Knowledge vol. II, published by the Boston Bewick Company, 1836 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
"The Trial of George Jacobs, August 5, 1692" by T.H. Matteson. "The Trial of George Jacobs, August 5, 1692" oil on canvas by T.H. Matteson, 1855 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
10 1/2 (also called 12) Herbert St. in Salem In Hawthorne's time, this may have been 12 Herbert St.; there is no 12 Herbert St. today. In Salem directories, the house is usually listed as 10 Herbert St. As parts of the house were at times rented, this may have resulted in the altered house numbers.
Hawthorne moved into this house with his widowed mother and two sisters during the spring of 1808. In his journals he refers to this house as "Castle Dismal." When the Hathornes moved in, the house was owned and occupied by Hawthorne's mother's parents, the Mannings, and their eight children. The house was crowded, and Margaret Moore and others refer to Nathaniel sleeping in the same bed with his uncle Robert (aged 24 when Nathaniel was 4), but in her book The Salem World of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Margaret Moore explains that beds were in short supply in large families in early nineteenth century New England (60).
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
18 Chestnut St., Salem, side view Side view of 18 Chestnut St., Salem, where Hawthorne lived from 1846-1849 while working as surveyor at the Salem Custom House (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
3/4 pose photograph of Nathaniel Hawthorne,the "Bright-Motley" pose, by J.J.E. Mayall (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
33 Dearborn St., Salem; home of Robert Manning, Hawthorne's uncle The fence and attached barn are no longer on the property. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
The Spectator advertisement of employment opportunities for "indigent poets and authors." During August of 1820, Hawthorne published a newspaper called The Spectator. The newspaper's title and the advertisement suggest that the young writer Nathaniel Hawthorne was beginning to realize his place in his society. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
An architectural rendering of the facade of the Turner-Ingersoll House aka The House of the Seven Gables (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Autograph of Henry David Thoreau from a Letter to Nathaniel Hawthorne, Feb 2Oth 1849. Autograph of Henry David Thoreau (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Brass Sundial, Dated 1644, and Owned by John Proctor. John Proctor lived with his wife Elizabeth in what is now Peabody, Massachusetts. They were respected farmers and keepers of a tavern. Mary Warren, one of the "afflicted girls" of Salem Village was a servant in the Proctor household. Early in 1692, Proctor had been an outspoken critic of the witchcraft proceedings and of the antics of the Village girls. He and his wife were accused of witchcraft and sent to prison. Both were convicted of witchcraft, and John was hanged on August 19. Elizabeth, who was found to be pregnant, was spared execution and outlived the 1692 hysteria. The story of the Proctors was later made famous by Arthur Miller in his play "The Crucible."
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Burden Strap, Iroquois Artist, 18th Century This strap was used to carry bundles while walking. The central portion would have been worn across the forehead. It is made of leather, dyed moose hair, and glass beads. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Canes of George Jacobs, a witchcraft victim. Canes used by George Jacobs, witchcraft victim. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Capt. Nathaniel Hathorne, 1775-1809.
See also image on MMD 367 Nathaniel Hawthorne's Father, a sea captain who died of yellow fever in Surinam (Dutch Guiana), leaving little money for the family. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Charter Street Graveyard and Peabody (Grimshawe) House in Salem Judge Hathorne and seven other Hathornes are buried here, but Hawthorne is buried in Concord. The Peabody House is where Sophia lived with her parents when Hawthorne courted her. It is also the setting of "Grimshawe" and the unfinished novel,The Dolliver Romance. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Detail of faded paintings at "Frye's Leap" View of rock at "Frye's Leap" on Raymond Cape where paintings, said to be by Indians, have faded over time. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Drawing of the Philip English House in Salem Built in 1683 at the head of what is now English St., not far from Collins Cove, this house of many gables was thought by some to be the location of the one described in Hawthorne's novel, The House of the Seven Gables. Called "The Great House," it was considered the most lavish home in Salem of that time. Philip and his wife, Mary, lived here in 1692 when they were accused of witchcraft. Initially imprisoned in the Cart and Wheel Inn in Salem, they were moved to Boston in June and placed under house arrest after the intervention of friends. Allowed their freedom during the day in Boston because of their upper-class status, they fled on a ship to New York in August before their trial in Salem. A secret garret room that was discovered when the house was razed may have been built after Philip and Mary returned to Salem as a hiding place should it ever be needed. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Dressing Table in second floor of Gardner-Pingree House, Salem, MA A lady's dressing table from the late eighteenth century (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Early Seal of Massachusetts Bay Colony Seal of Massachusetts Bay Colony, in use 1629-1684. This silver seal was first used by Gov. John Endecott. The Indian's words, "Come over and help us," express the early missionary purpose behind English colonization. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Entry of 18 Chestnut St., Salem Entry of 18 Chestnut St. in Salem where Hawthorne lived from 1846-49 while working as surveyor at the Salem Custom House (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Essex County Courthouses, 32-36-42 Federal St. (1839-41; 1861-62; 1887-89; 1908-09; 1979-81) The granite building at the corner of Washington and Federal was constructed in 1839-41 by architect Richard Bond (1797-1861), also the architect of Salem City Hall in 1836-7, and is an excellent example of Greek Revival-style civic architecture.
The large brick and brownstone courthouse building was constructed in 1861-62 in Italian Revival-style but remodeled considerably in 1887-1889.
In 1908-09, another courthouse building was erected to house the registry of deeds, the probate court, and administrative offices. This granite structure, with its six-column Greek Ionic portico, is a superb example of Neoclassical Revival architecture.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Exterior of 18 Chestnut St. (Bott-Fabin house) in Salem where Hawthorne lived for a brief period while working at the Salem Custom House (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Facade of the Custom House in 1855. Custom House - Bonded Warehouse after renovations of 1853-55, from the Historic Structure Report (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Fanlight from An American Builder's Companion Fanlight from An American Builder's Companion (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Fanlight from An American Builder's Companion Fanlight from An American Builder's Companion (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Federal style door Page from An American Builder's Companion by Asher Benjamin. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Federal style door drawing for Salem Custom House Page from White Pine Monograph series on the Salem Custom House. Illustration 40, p. 202 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Federal Style door frame from An American Builder's Companion Federal Style door frame from An American Builder's Companion (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Fern Garden of Robert Manning house on Deaborn St. in Salem Hawthorne lived for four years (1828-1832)with his mother and sisters next door to the Manning House on Dearborn St. The Hawthorne cottage has since been moved across and down the street. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Front Cover of The Democratic Review, January, 1838 Front Cover of the January, 1838 issue of The Democratic Review containing Hawthorne's essay entitled "Foot-prints on the Sea-shore" (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Gardner-Pingree House, 128 Essex St., 1804-5 Salem merchant John Gardner, Jr., built the house in 1804-5, and in 1811, because of financial difficulties, sold the house to Nathaniel West who sold the house three years later to Joseph White. It is here where Captain Joseph White lived and was murdered in April 1830, an event that shook the town of Salem and one which intrigued Hawthorne and which he wrote about in “Mr. Higginbotham’s Catastrophe”. In 1834, the house was sold to David Pingree, and the ownership of the house remained in the Pingree family until 1933 when it was donated by the Pingree heirs to the Essex Institute. With its lovely details and proportions, this dwelling is considered to be a superb example of American Adamesque Federal town houses and perhaps the best example in New England. Many scholars believe the house was designed by Samuel McIntire and consider it to be his finest mature work. Details consistent with McIntire’s work are the symmetrical rectangular façade wooden roof balustrade and an elaborate semicircular portico entrance with Corinthian columns and pilasters. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Hannah Dustin's Escape from Contoocook Island, New Hampshire Hannah Dustin's Escape from Contoocook Island, New Hampshire (now known as Dustin Island) on the night of March 29th-30th, 1697. The two-acre island is at the junction of the Merrimack and Contoocook Rivers north of Concord. Samuel Leonardson, the fourteen-year-old English boy, is also seen in the illustration assisting in the killing of the ten Indians.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Hannah Duston's Escape from Contoocook Island, New Hampshire, 1697. Hannah Duston's Escape from Contoocook Island, New Hampshire (now known as Dustin Island) on the night of March 29th-30th, 1697. The two-acre island is at the junction of the Merrimack and Contoocook Rivers north of Concord. Samuel Leonardson, the fourteen-year-old English boy, is also seen in the illustration assisting in the killing of the Indians. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Hawthorne at his desk, photograph by J.J. Mayall, May 19,1860 This photo was one of three portraits made in London by Mayall. This pose, selected by Hawthorne's friend, Francis Bennoch, is now known as the "Bennoch pose." (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Hawthorne's Birthplace, 27 Union Street, Salem The house where Hawthorne was born was moved in 1958 from 27 Union St. to the property of The House of the Seven Gables Historic Site where it now stands and is open to the public. Few of the original furnishings are in the house, but it does contain period pieces.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Hawthorne's Birthplace, 27 Union Street, Salem, MA The house where Hawthorne was born was moved in 1958 from 27 Union St. to the property of The House of the Seven Gables Historic Site where it now stands and is open to the public. Few of the original furnishings are in the house, but it does contain period pieces.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Hawthorne's Office in the Salem Custom House Hawthorne's office in the Salem Custom House with tarif books and surveyor's bottles (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Holten House, ca. 1670, Danvers, Massachusetts Sarah and Benjamin Holten House, ca. 1670, Corner of Holten and Centre Streets, Danvers. (Photo, ca.1891). (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Hooper-Hathaway House, Grounds of the House of the Seven Gables Historic Site, 54 Turner St.
(special thanks to Bryant F. Tolles, Jr.) Originally at 23 Washington St., this 17th century house was built for Benjamin Hooper as a single room and expanded in 1784. The Hooper family sold the property in 1795, and the property was sold again c. 1864 to the Hathaways who used it for their bakery business. Caroline O. Emmerton purchased the house in 1911 to save it from being razed and moved it to its current location on the grounds of the House of the Seven Gables. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Illustration by Frank T. Merrill of Shem Drowne’s Indian warrior weathervane that stood on top of the Province House in Boston
Shem Drowne was a renowned weather vane-maker of the mid 1700s.
The illustration was for "Howe's Masquerade" in In Colonial Days published by L.C. Page & Co. in 1906 (2) (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Illustration by Sophia Peabody from The Gentle Boy: A Thrice Told Tale, 1839 This illustration of Ibrahim by Hawthorne's wife captures Ibrahim's vulnerability and gentleness. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Image of a Letter from Henry David Thoreau to Nathaniel Hawthorne, Feb 2Oth 1849. Letter from Thoreau to Hawthorne, Feb. 20th, 1849, Peabody Essex Museum, Phillips Library. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Indian Names on the Salem Deed, 1686 Detail of the Indian Deed to Salem, 1686. The marks of Sam Wuttaanoh, John Tontohqunne and Cicely Petaghuncksq are shown.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Interior of Replica of Meeting House, Rebecca Nurse Homestead, Danvers, MA, September, 2001 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
John Bunyan, Author of The Pilgrim's Progress, 1678, 1684. Engraving of John Bunyan by A. L. Dick
Bunyan was one of Hawthorne's favorite writers. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
John Winthrop (1588-1649), Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1630-1649, engraving On June 12, 1630, John Winthrop, on board the flagship Arbella, landed at Naumkeag (Salem) and replaced John Endecott as governor. Soon after, Winthrop and his fleet of ships and Puritan colonists went on to "Mystic River" (Charlestown) and then to the Shawmut Peninsula (Boston). With the coming of Winthrop and the founding of Massachusetts Bay Colony, the "Puritan Experiment" in New England began. Rapid settlement occurred between 1630 and 1642, when approximately 21,000 English immigrants arrived in New England. The Puritan emigrants and their descendants set out to create a society based on Scripture, and as John Winthrop declared, one that should be a "Model of Christian Charity," "a city upon a hill."
From vol. 1 , S. Perley's The History of Salem Massachusetts, 1924, p. 188 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Joseph Waters House (later the Bertram Home for Aged Men)114 Derby and Turner Sts., Salem (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Masthead from the Salem Gazette on December 7, 1830 Vol. XLIV--New Series Vol. III No. 98 featuring biographical sketch, "Mrs. Hutchinson," by Hawthorne. Anne Hutchinson (1591-1643) was tried for her antinomian preaching that God's grace was the road to salvation; this was in conflict with the Puritan view that good works was the only path leading to salvation. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Moccasins with Blue and Red, Iroquois Artist Moccasins with Blue and Red, Iroquois Artist. From the Peabody Essex Museum Exhibition, “Gifts of the Spirit.” (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Note that Robert Manning added to a letter his sister, Priscilla, wrote on August 9, 1816 to their sister, Hawthorne's mother. Robert and Priscilla were in Salem at the time, and Betsey Hathorne and her children were in Raymond, Maine. The note reads: "Dear Sister, Send Nathaniel---he may bring his 2 Suits of Mixt Cloths & no more,
your Loving "
Robert Manning (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
One of three photographs done by J.J.E. Mayall in London on 19 May, 1860,called the "Holden" pose (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Oval Box, Micmac Artist From the Peabody Essex Museum Exhibition, “Gifts of the Spirit: Works by Nineteenth-Century & Contemporary Native American Artists," 1996, (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Page from An America Builder's Companion Page from An America Builder's Companion (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Page from An American Builder's Companion Page from An American Builder's Companion (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Page from An American Builder's Companion Page from An American Builder's Companion (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Page from an American Builder's Companion Page from An American Builder's Companion (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Penobscot Indian Basket Twisted Splint Ash Porcupine Basket.
Penobscot Indian, 1946/48. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Photo from a portrait painted in 1850 by Cephas G. Thompson, currently in the possession of the Grolier Club in NYC Photo from a portrait painted in 1850 by Cephas G. Thompson, currently in the possession of the Grolier Club in NYC (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Photograph by Alexander Gardner for Mathew Brady, 1862 Hawthorne in the "Napoleonic" pose common at the time (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Photograph of Nathaniel Hawthorne from a daguerreotype,1848(?) This image was made during the period when he served as surveyor at the Salem Custom House and may have been done by John Adams Whipple, Boston. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Pickering House, 18 Broad Street, Salem
from Sidney Perley's The History of Salem Massachusetts Built around 1651, this is Salem's oldest building and was continuously occupied by the Pickering family from 1651 until the late 20th century. The wooden structure was intially built with two rooms in two stories, but later was expanded to double this size, and changes were made in the mid-nineteenth century which reflect the Gothic Revival Style such as the Gothic cut-out fence with finial-capped posts which was constructed in 1841. On July 4, 1804, the day of Hawthorne's birth, John Pickering, the son of Timothy Pickering, gave the Independence Day oration at St. Peter's Church. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Pickman and Henfield Buildings, 6-26 Front St. (1816) This is one of three brick commercial row buildings planned for Derby Square by Benjamin Pickman, Jr., and John Derby, III, who acquired this property in 1815 and built this row of buildings in 1816. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Plan of the Burying Point (Charter St. Burial Ground) in Salem. Plan of Charter Street Burial Ground. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Plaque Commemorating Larch Path from The Wayside into Concord Plaque Commemorating the Larch Path which Hawthorne used to walk from The Wayside into the center of Concord. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Poem "Moderate Views" written by Hawthorne on February 13, 1817 In this poem the young Hawthorne expresses his hope that he will live a modest, humble life and his view that the true glories of life are available to all:
With passions unruffled untainted by pride
By reason my life let me square.
The wants of my nature are cheaply supplied
And the rest are but folly and care.
How vainly through infinite trouble and strife
The many their labours employ,
Since all that is truly delightful in life,
Is what all if they please may enjoy. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Portrait of Charles W. Upham (1802 - 1876) Charles W. Upham was an author, minister of the First Church, and after resigning that post, a political leader in Salem. He was instrumental in having Hawthorne removed from his position in the Custom House in 1849. Hawthorne satirizes Upham in a number of his works, making him out to be a scoundrel in both The Scarlet Letter and The House of the Seven Gables.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Portrait of Cotton Mather (1663-1723) Cotton Mather was one of Puritan New England's most influential ministers and leaders. He was famous for his writings, histories such as Magnalia Christi Americana and those that helped stir up support for the Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692. He also promoted learning and early scientific knowledge in New England. He worked for acceptance of the smallpox vaccine and wrote a treatise on medicine called The Angel of Bethesda.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Portrait of General James F. Miller, Collector of the Port from 1825-1849, which hangs in the Salem Custom House (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Portrait of Governor John Endecott (1588?-1665) In 1628 John Endecott came to Naumkeag with a patent for land and a group of about 60 settlers. They joined Roger Conant and "the Old Planters" (members of the failed Cape Ann settlement of 1624), who had established a settlement in 1626, along a sheltered cove facing what are now the North and Danvers Rivers in Salem. Endecott governed the colony until he was replaced by John Winthrop in 1630. This portrait was painted a few months before Endecott's death in 1665. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Portrait of Rev. William Bentley (1759-1819) of Salem by Frothingham Educated at Harvard, William Bentley was the minister at the East Church (Second Congregational} in Salem from 1783 until his death in 1819. His personal diary offers a thorough treatment of life in Salem during its golden era of East India Trade.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Portrait of Simon Forrester, eighteenth-century Salem merchant This portrait hangs in the Phillips Library of the Peabody Essex Museum. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Postcard of the Custom House. Custom House-Bonded Warehouse, exterior after 1865 painting, from a series of period postcards. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Quillwork Cradle, Dakota Artist Quillwork Cradle, Dakota Artist. From Gifts of the Spirit: Works by Nineteenth-Century & Contemporary Native American Artists, museum exhibition, 1996, Peabody Essex Museum (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Rebecca Nurse Monument, Nurse Family Cemetery, Pine Street, Danvers, Massachusetts. (Frank Cousins Photo, 1891) This monument was erected in 1885 in Danvers (Salem Village) to honor the memory of Rebecca Nurse, one of the accused witches executed in Salem in 1692. According to family tradition, Rebecca's body was retrieved from Gallows Hill by her son, Samuel, and buried in an unmarked grave at the family homestead. This was done in defiance of the law, which stated that an executed "witch" could not receive a Christian burial. The monument is inscribed with a poetic epitaph written by John Greenleaf Whittier. It reads: "O, Christian martyr! who for truth could die,/ When all about thee owned the hideous lie! / The world, redeemed from superstition's sway, / Is breathing freer for thy sake today."
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Robert Manning House on Dearborn St. in Salem The house still stands today but without the fence. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Robinson-Little House, 10 Chestnut St. at Cambridge (c. 1808-9) his brick Federal home with Greek Revival front entrance was built c. 1808-1809 for a Salem merchant, Nathan Robinson. Robinson lived in the house until the mid 1830s, after which the Choates, Neals, and Fabens families occupied the house. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Rock on Raymond Cape between the Cape and Frye Island Named "Frye's Leap" because a Captain Frye, leaped from the rock to the island fleeing from pursuing Indians. Later, according to E.H. Knight in Raymond Then and Now, "during the steamboat era as an attraction to passengers, supposed Indian paintings on the rock were reinforced in bright colors. To further intrigue the passengers a man or boy was hired for the summer to live in a tent on the top to appear in full regalia and with blood-curdling whoops fire a gun in the air" (6). (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Saddlebags in Red and Yellow, Apache Artist Saddlebags in Red and Yellow, Apache Artist. From the Peabody Essex Museum Exhibition, “Gifts of the Spirit.”
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Salem View, 1839. Looking North on Washington Street from the intersection of Front Street. Engraving from John W. Barber's Historical Collections, 1839, Worcester.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Shield-Dog Men Warrior Tsistsisas, Cheyenne Artist Shield-Dog Men Warrior Tsistsisas, Cheyenne Artist. From the Peabody Essex Museum Exhibition, “Gifts of the Spirit,” 1996 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Sitting Room in Crowninshield Bentley House, Salem, MA Sitting room typical of era during which Lady Eleanore's Mantle is set (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Statue of Hawthorne at his Reading Stand at The Wayside in Concord Statue of Hawthorne at his reading stand at the entrance to The Wayside in Concorc. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Table with mirror and candle in lady's bedroom of Crowninshield Bentley House, Salem, MA This mirror is typical of that in which Lady Eleanore might have studied her reflection and admired her appearance. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Tanglewood Plaque Commemorating House Where Hawthorne Lived While in the Berkshires Tanglewood Plaque commemorating the house where Hawthorne lived from the spring of 1850 to the autumn of 1851 while in the Berkshires. It is here that he wrote The House of the Seven Gables and The Wonder Book and where his daughter, Rose, was born. The house was destroyed by fire in June, 1890. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
The Autographs of John Hathorne and Jonathan Corwin, from Charles W. Upham's Salem Witchcraft,vol. II, p. 29 In 1692 John Hathorne and Jonathan Corwin served as the magistrates of Salem Town. They issued warrants for the arrest of those accused of witchcraft and were principal interrogators of the "witches" throughout the year.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
The Black Man of the Forest with His Familiar Illustration from Chap-Book of the 18th Century
by John Ashton (L.Chatto and Windus,1882). Witches
were thought to own or associate with strange animals and evil creatures called "familiars." These are described in many of the original documents of the Salem Witchcraft Hysteria. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
The Hanging of a Witch In 1692 nineteen people--fourteen women and five men--were hanged as witches or wizards on Gallows Hill in Salem, Massachusetts. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
The John Tucker Daland House, 132 Essex St. part of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem Formerly the Essex Institute (in Hawthorne's time known as the Essex Historical Society)the Daland House is now part of the Peabody Essex Museum. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
The Marston House, Salem Sidney Perley tells us that "in 1680, Benjamin Marston built a fine large house on the western corner of Essex and Cambridge streets; and, Feb. 24, 1701-2, for two hundred and ninety pounds, conveyed it with the land to James Menzies, who had recently moved from Boston to Salem. Through a mortgage, the estate became the property of Philip English. John Touzell lived in the house in 1754, when he conveyed one-half of it to William Hathorne and wife Mary and widow Susannah Hathorne. It remained in the families of English some time, and, when it belonged to the Hathornes, about 1814, they built the house out to the Essex Street line. The engraving shows the end of the original house and the new front." (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
The Scarlet Letter Title page of 1892 edition of The Scarlet Letter with image of Custom House (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
These surveyor's bottles are the type used by Hawthorne to determine the tariff on alcohol. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Title Page of The American Magazine of Useful and Entertaining Knowledge containing "The Duston Family" vol. II, published by the Boston Bewick Company, 1836 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Title Page of Rev. John Hale's "A Modest Enquiry into the Nature of Witchcraft," 1697 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Tomb of Simon Bradstreet, Charter Street Burial Ground, Salem. The Tomb of Simon Bradstreet, a Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony and the husband of Puritan poet Anne [Dudley] Bradstreet. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Tombstone of Captain William Hathorne (1714-1794) Tombstone of Captain William Hathorne, a grandson of Judge John Hathorne, who died in 1794 at age 80. His tombstone is located at the end of the row of Hathornes, to the right of the tombstone of John Hathorne, the son of Captain Joseph Hathorne. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Tombstone of Daniel Hathorne (1731-1796), Hawthorne's paternal grandfather Tombstone of Daniel Hathorne (1731-1796), brother of Captain William Hathorne, grandson of Judge John Hathorne, and grandfather of Nathaniel Hawthorne. The tombstone is in The Burying Point,on Charter Street, next to the Peabody (Grimshawe) house in Salem. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Tombstone of Eunice Hathorne (1767-1827) Tombstone of Eunice Hathorne (1767-1827), daughter of Captain Daniel and Rachel Hathorne, in Charter Street Burying Point (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Tombstone of Judge John Hathorne, Hawthorne's great-great grandfather Gravestone of John Hathorne, Hawthorne's great-great-grandfather, who was a presiding judge at the Salem witch trials. In the row of Hathornes, the judge is the second from the right. The inscription on the tombstone reads:
Here lyes inter de y body of Co lo Ioh n Hathorne
Esq r Aged 76 years who died May ey 10th 1717 (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Tombstone of Mary Touzel Hathorne (1722?-1805),widow of Captain William Hathorne, a son of Joseph Hathorne. Tombstone of Mary Touzel Hathorne (1722?-1805), widow of Captain William Hathorne, a son of Joseph Hathorne. Mary was one of two daughters of John Touzel (or Tousel), a well-educated goldsmith and mariner, and Susannah English, the daughter of accused witches, Philip English and Mary Hollingworth. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Unidentified Men Paddling a Penobscot Birch-bark Canoe Paddling a Penobscot Birch-bark Canoe (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
View of Bott-Fabin House, 18 Chestnut St. in Salem from Bott's Court Hawthorne lived at 18 Chestnut St. from 1846-49 while working as surveyor at the Salem Custom House. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
View of Danversport looking up the river from the rear of George Jacobs' House, circa 1891. Frank Cousins Collection. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
View of Gallows Hill, Salem, Massachusetts, circa 1890. From the Robb Collection. Gallows Hill, Salem. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Watercolor Painting of the Jonathan Corwin House, 310 1/2 Essex St. at North St., Salem, by Samuel Bartoll, 1819 The Jonathan Corwin house was built around 1670. Corwin was a Salem merchant who purchased the house from Nathaniel Davenport of Boston in 1675 and was living here in 1692. There is a tradition that some of the accused "witches" of the Salem hysteria were examined in the lower front room on the right. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
Witches with their Familiar Flying on Broomsticks. In the British Islands, it was believed that the Devil gave his witches a faithful demonic creature, often in the shape of a small animal (a black cat, dog, or toad, for example) that would advise the witch and assist in her evil doings. Also known as "imps" or "familiar spirits," these malicious creatures were different from the Devil himself, who often took the shape of a beast or a human, in European and early American traditions of witchcraft. It was thought that the witch's familiar would suck her blood for nourishment. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
"Doorways of Salem" from Perley's The History of Salem, Massachusetts. This illustration gives examples of Salem's outstanding architectural heritage of Federal style design. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
"Examination of a Witch," 1853 by T.H. Matteson "Examination of a Witch" oil on canvas
by T.H. Matteson, 1853. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
"Home of the Rev. Samuel Parris, Centre Street, Danvers." (Circa 1891) Frank Cousins Collection. This photo shows the ell, which was built as an addition to the original Salem Village parsonage by Rev. Peter Clark in 1734. The old parsonage, home to Samuel and Elizabeth Parris during the witchcraft episode was torn down ca. 1784. The ell was then moved to Sylvan Street, Danvers. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
"Indians Taking Salem Fishing Vessels"--First Church Records This brief description from the First Church of Salem's records offers some insights into the tensions between local Indians and the early settlers of Salem. (from Essex Institute Historical Collections,vol 2, 1860, p. 104) (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
"Not-een-a-akm. The Strong Wind"
George Catlin Portrait by George Catlin. From James C. Prichard’s The Natural History of Man. London: Hippolyte Balliere, [1844]. Octavo (9 1/2" x 5 1/2" full sheet). Etchings. Courtesy of the The Philadelphia Print Shop: http://www.philaprintshop.com/.
(courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
"The War Dance, By The Ojibeway Indians"
George Catlin From James C. Prichard’s The Natural History of Man. London: Hippolyte Balliere, [1844]. Octavo (9 1/2" x 5 1/2" full sheet). Etchings. Original hand color. Courtesy of the The Philadelphia Print Shop: http://www.philaprintshop.com/ (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
"Tombeau de Cecile" An example of an etching of a European scene that was available in New England in the early 19th century. This hangs on the second floor of the Gardner-Pingree House in Salem, MA. (courtesy of Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA)
